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ERAMMP Quick Start Tools: (a) use changes in demand for agricultural products to predict  spatial patterns of land use change; (b) predict impacts of land use change on peatland greenhouse gas emissions; and (c)  map opportunities to increase habitat connectivity.  Outputs of the Tools have been used by other models in the Welsh Government ERAMMP project to value changes in ecosystem services and predict impacts on bird biodiversity.","infrastructureCategory":["Environmental models"],"infrastructureChallenge":["Sustainable ecosystems: biodiversity net gain"],"infrastructureClass":["Digital infrastructures"],"metadataDate":"2025-04-09T09:24:37.000Z","recordType":"Science infrastructure","resourceIdentifier":["https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/4dc4cdf2-b864-4d01-8749-4465154b037d"],"resourceType":"Science infrastructure","scienceArea":"Soils and Land Use","shortenedDescription":"ERAMMP Quick Start Tools provide rapid scenario testing for Welsh Government to predict environment outcomes of changing demand for agricultural products under different post-Brexit trade deals, and hence to assess potential agri-environment policies and incentive schemes…","state":"published","title":"Welsh Environment (ERAMMP) Quick Start Tools","version":1.0,"view":["public","phtr"]},{"catalogue":"infrastructure","description":"CAMPS predicts the effects of heavy metal, nitrogen and sulphur pollution on soils and soil water.  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Researchers study the effects of different levels and combinations of elevated nitrogen on the peatland bog vegetation and on ecosystem services such as carbon storage and greenhouse gas emissions.","documentType":"infrastructurerecord","identifier":"6ab07974-b884-41ea-9223-076be09bb55d","incomingCitationCount":0,"infrastructureCapabilities":"Whim Bog is a typical Calluna vulgaris – Eriophorum vaginatum ombotrophic blanket bog (UK national vegetation classification NVC M19a). 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It focuses on agriculture as the main driver of land-use change and includes 88 raw and processed agricultural products from the crop and livestock sectors.  User-defined scenario assumptions are generated to explore the impact of different policies and drivers on the level of agricultural activity, land-use change, food consumption, trade (imports and exports), greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, water use, and biodiversity conservation in five-year timesteps from 2000 to 2050.       ","infrastructureCategory":["Environmental models"],"infrastructureChallenge":["Sustainable ecosystems: biodiversity net gain"],"infrastructureClass":["Digital infrastructures"],"metadataDate":"2025-04-09T09:24:17.000Z","recordType":"Science infrastructure","resourceIdentifier":["https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/a5850ba0-a912-4436-9178-8031226f8afc"],"resourceType":"Science infrastructure","scienceArea":"Soils and Land Use","shortenedDescription":"The FABLE Calculator is a land-use model that simulates pathways towards sustainable land-use and food systems.  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It is used by researchers to explore effects of environmental change on plant growth, crop…","state":"published","title":"PROductivity and SUccession Model (PROSUM)","version":1.0,"view":["public","phtr"]},{"catalogue":"infrastructure","description":"The UniFHy modelling framework is used by researchers to link together three components of the terrestrial water cycle: above ground; below ground; and river flows.  It simulates the whole water cycle while allowing each component to be represented using different hydrological models with varied temporal and spatial resolutions.","documentType":"infrastructurerecord","identifier":"7e04109d-ef9d-409c-9509-874ea17d21f0","incomingCitationCount":0,"infrastructureCapabilities":"UniFHy is open source community software that couples different hydrological models.  The framework, currently in development, allows collaborators to commit model components written in Python, Fortran, C and C++.  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The Weather Research Forecast Model (WRF) is used to calculate the required meteorological input data for the ACTM.","infrastructureCategory":["Environmental models"],"infrastructureChallenge":["Pollution"],"infrastructureClass":["Digital infrastructures"],"metadataDate":"2025-04-09T09:24:49.000Z","recordType":"Science infrastructure","resourceIdentifier":["https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/9ae81c6b-fb6b-40b9-b9bf-5294a8b04b61"],"resourceType":"Science infrastructure","scienceArea":"Atmospheric Chemistry and Effects","shortenedDescription":"EMEP4UK provides UK atmospheric chemistry forecasts, linked to weather forecasts, to predict the transport and deposit of pollutants carried by air.  It is used by weather and pollution forecasters, government agencies and researchers to monitor air pollution risks.…","state":"published","title":"European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP4UK) UK arm of the Meteorological Synthesizing Centre-West (MSC-W)","version":1.0,"view":["public","phtr"]},{"catalogue":"infrastructure","description":"The NanoFASE model predicts the fate and bio-uptake, across space and time, of nanomaterials entering soils, freshwaters, estuaries and waterbed sediments.  It is used to assess pollution risk from nanomaterials entering the environment.","documentType":"infrastructurerecord","identifier":"f5894002-6811-4c52-b55c-2393d6fd66a9","incomingCitationCount":0,"infrastructureCapabilities":"NanoFASE is a water-soil-organism model that predicts the concentration, fate and bio-uptake of nanomaterials entering the soil and aquatic environments across space (up to whole catchments) and time (years to decades, with approx daily timesteps).  It combines empirical data with process-based understanding and works by coupling submodels for environmental compartments (soils, rivers, bed sediments, lakes, estuaries and the sea) then simulating the transport of nanomaterials between these compartments.  The model takes account of the fact that, within each compartment, nanomaterials can transform between different forms and states, and be taken up by the biota present, through processes such as soil erosion, bioturbation, hydrology, sediment dynamics, physical and chemical reactions of nanomaterials (including heteraggregation), dissolution and chemical transformation.  The NanoFASE model must be coupled to a source of data on nanomaterial releases (inputs) either to soils or directly into surface waters.  The model can also be coupled to an atmospheric deposition model to simulate the fate of nanomaterials which were emitted to the atmosphere and subsequently deposited to the land or water surface.","infrastructureCategory":["Environmental models"],"infrastructureChallenge":["Pollution"],"infrastructureClass":["Digital infrastructures"],"metadataDate":"2025-04-04T11:49:19.000Z","recordType":"Science infrastructure","resourceIdentifier":["https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/f5894002-6811-4c52-b55c-2393d6fd66a9"],"resourceType":"Science infrastructure","scienceArea":"Pollution","shortenedDescription":"The NanoFASE model predicts the fate and bio-uptake, across space and time, of nanomaterials entering soils, freshwaters, estuaries and waterbed sediments.  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The IDMM-ag version is adapted for risk assessment of metals in small agricultural catchments; it includes an additional module to predict the fate of dissolved metals in surface water. ","infrastructureCategory":["Environmental models"],"infrastructureChallenge":["Pollution"],"infrastructureClass":["Digital infrastructures"],"metadataDate":"2025-04-09T09:24:56.000Z","recordType":"Science infrastructure","resourceIdentifier":["https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/edbba030-43e4-4610-86be-380aaa3419e5"],"resourceType":"Science infrastructure","scienceArea":"Pollution","shortenedDescription":"The IDMM family of models predict concentrations of metals in soil and drainage water resulting from inputs over long timescales (decades and longer).  They are used for environmental risk assessment: specifically to assess pollution risk from metals.","state":"published","title":"Intermediate Dynamic Model for Metals (IDMM), including Agricultural version (IDMM-ag)","version":1.0,"view":["public","phtr"]},{"catalogue":"infrastructure","description":"The Eutrophication Risk Model estimates the timing and duration of algal blooms in rivers.  It is used by the Environment Agency and Thames Water to inform river management.","documentType":"infrastructurerecord","identifier":"cdc3af00-c77c-472c-a3fb-0349cbd59ee0","incomingCitationCount":0,"infrastructureCapabilities":"The Eutrophication Risk Model is a process model based on real observations of water biogeochemistry (hourly monitoring of nutrients, flow, temperature and algae) in the River Thames, southern England, to understand thresholds for algal blooms to develop.  The UKCEH Load Apportionment Model (LAM) provides inputs to the Eutrophication Risk Model which, for any observed or projected biogeochemical data input, estimates the timing and duration of algal blooms at daily timesteps.  It can be used for current river management and to inform future planning based on climate projection data, derived from the UKCEH Future Flows and eFlag climate and river flow datasets.   ","infrastructureCategory":["Environmental models"],"infrastructureChallenge":["Pollution"],"infrastructureClass":["Digital infrastructures"],"metadataDate":"2025-04-09T09:24:46.000Z","recordType":"Science infrastructure","resourceIdentifier":["https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/cdc3af00-c77c-472c-a3fb-0349cbd59ee0"],"resourceType":"Science infrastructure","scienceArea":"Water Resources","shortenedDescription":"The Eutrophication Risk Model estimates the timing and duration of algal blooms in rivers.  It is used by the Environment Agency and Thames Water to inform river management.","state":"published","title":"Eutrophication Risk Model","version":1.0,"view":["public","phtr"]},{"catalogue":"infrastructure","description":"JULES is a land surface model that simulates flows of energy, water, carbon and nitrogen between the land, atmosphere and soil.  It operates at timescales from days to centuries and geographic scales from UK to global for a range of users: (1) Operational forecasters use JULES to predict weather-related hazards (eg floods, droughts); (2) IPCC and policy-makers use JULES to predict future climate change impacts; (3) Scientists use JULES to understand environmental processes and effects.","documentType":"infrastructurerecord","identifier":"02faa17d-fb11-4166-a069-17356032295f","incomingCitationCount":0,"infrastructureCapabilities":"JULES is a UK research community model (see Partners) that contributes to: (a) the Met Office’s Unified Model used for weather forecasting in the UK; and (b) the UK Earth System Model (UKESM) used for IPCC climate projections.  JULES can also be used in 'standalone' research mode to study land surface processes and impacts.  JULES comprises computer code and configurations (information needed), and can be run on various computing platforms, from individual PCs to powerful supercomputers.  It includes modules to account for the effects of hydrology, vegetation and soils on responses and feedbacks of the land surface with the atmosphere.  It can simulate national (e.g. UK 1km grid) or global (e.g. 10km grid) scales.  It describes processes that work on short timescales (e.g. hydrological response to a passing rain storm) and also on much longer timescales, such as changes in vegetation and soils over a hundred years in the past or future.","infrastructureCategory":["Environmental models"],"infrastructureChallenge":["Climate change: adaptation","Climate change: mitigation"],"infrastructureClass":["Digital infrastructures"],"metadataDate":"2025-04-09T09:24:27.000Z","recordType":"Science infrastructure","resourceIdentifier":["https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/02faa17d-fb11-4166-a069-17356032295f"],"resourceType":"Science infrastructure","scienceArea":"Hydro-climate Risks","shortenedDescription":"JULES is a land surface model that simulates flows of energy, water, carbon and nitrogen between the land, atmosphere and soil.  It operates at timescales from days to centuries and geographic scales from UK to global for a range of users: (1) Operational forecasters…","state":"published","title":"Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES)","version":1.0,"view":["public","phtr"]},{"catalogue":"infrastructure","description":"LAM identifies the sources of nutrients and other pollutants (from point and diffuse sources) and predicts the impacts of sewage treatment improvements on daily nutrient (phosphorus and nitrogen) concentrations as climate and river flows change.  It is used by water managers and regulators, as well as researchers.","documentType":"infrastructurerecord","identifier":"b053dc85-d913-4949-82d5-26f86dbc1f74","incomingCitationCount":0,"infrastructureCapabilities":"LAM is a statistical model that uses actual (empirical) measurement data for water flow and water quality.  It apportions sources of nutrients and other pollutants and predicts impacts on N and P loads of changing sewage treatment regimes, climate and water flows.  It does not require other catchment and land use information.  LAM outputs feed into the UKCEH Eutrophication Risk Model (see separate catalogue entry).","infrastructureCategory":["Environmental models"],"infrastructureChallenge":["Pollution"],"infrastructureClass":["Digital infrastructures"],"metadataDate":"2025-04-09T09:24:56.000Z","recordType":"Science infrastructure","resourceIdentifier":["https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/b053dc85-d913-4949-82d5-26f86dbc1f74"],"resourceType":"Science infrastructure","scienceArea":"Water Resources","shortenedDescription":"LAM identifies the sources of nutrients and other pollutants (from point and diffuse sources) and predicts the impacts of sewage treatment improvements on daily nutrient (phosphorus and nitrogen) concentrations as climate and river flows change.  It is used by water…","state":"published","title":"Load Apportionment Model (LAM)","version":1.0,"view":["public","phtr"]},{"catalogue":"infrastructure","description":"GWAVA predicts the impacts of humans on future water availability, water quality and damage to river ecosystems.  It operates at monthly or daily timescale and from large basins to global geographic scales.  GWAVA has been applied to global, continental and basin scales across Europe, Africa and Asia for more than 20 years by scientists and water practitioners to: (1) predict water resource availability and water quality; (2) assess the impacts of climate and socio-economic changes; and (3) understand anthropogenic influences and their effects. ","documentType":"infrastructurerecord","identifier":"a1eec9fd-44de-4f34-b817-db8e832b2bd8","incomingCitationCount":0,"infrastructureCapabilities":"GWAVA is a hydrology model used to study changing water resource availability, quality and other impacts driven by human influences.  It uses Fortran code that can be run on multiple operating systems from individual PCs to high-performace computers.  A GWAVA-GUI version of the model provides a basic GWAVA model with a graphical user interface (GUI).  GWAVA combines locally sourced data with global datasets.  A sequence of processes represents interactions between environmental and human water systems, including: (i) surface water and subsurface flow representation; (ii) natural features (eg. lakes, wetlands and glaciers), as well as human interventions such as reservoirs and long-distance transfers; (iii) water demands from household supply, irrigation, livestock and industry; (iv) water quality assessment; and (v) environmental flows assessment.  GWAVA can be run at spatial scales from basins (5 arc minutes) to global (30 arc minutes) and temporal scales from daily to monthly.  It has an autocalibration routine for streamflow with a choice of efficiency metrics.","infrastructureCategory":["Environmental models"],"infrastructureChallenge":["Climate change: adaptation"],"infrastructureClass":["Digital infrastructures"],"metadataDate":"2025-04-09T09:24:17.000Z","recordType":"Science infrastructure","resourceIdentifier":["https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/a1eec9fd-44de-4f34-b817-db8e832b2bd8"],"resourceType":"Science infrastructure","scienceArea":"Water Resources","shortenedDescription":"GWAVA predicts the impacts of humans on future water availability, water quality and damage to river ecosystems.  It operates at monthly or daily timescale and from large basins to global geographic scales.  GWAVA has been applied to global, continental and basin scales…","state":"published","title":"Global Water Availability Assessment Model (GWAVA)","version":1.0,"view":["public","phtr"]},{"catalogue":"infrastructure","description":"The purpose of the Predatory Bird Tissue Bank is to preserve biological samples collected from known locations and dates by the Predatory Bird Monitoring Scheme, which can then be used for future analysis and research.","documentType":"infrastructurerecord","identifier":"99568b66-0700-4a4c-9d31-433b8559c3dd","incomingCitationCount":0,"infrastructureCapabilities":"The PBMS Archive holds more than 60,000 bird tissue samples such as liver and kidney, bones, and eggs (shells and contents) dating back to the late 1960s.  Specimens are stored in jars and bags in numbered trays at -18ºC in a freezer.","infrastructureCategory":["Discovery collections"],"infrastructureChallenge":["Pollution"],"infrastructureClass":["Environmental observatories"],"infrastructureScale":"UK","locations":["POINT(-2.78296 54.01318)"],"metadataDate":"2025-04-09T09:24:25.000Z","recordType":"Science infrastructure","resourceIdentifier":["https://catalogue-staging.ceh.ac.uk/id/c3ae7adb-7a88-43c9-adf2-68578e12641f","https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/99568b66-0700-4a4c-9d31-433b8559c3dd"],"resourceType":"Science infrastructure","scienceArea":"Pollution","shortenedDescription":"The purpose of the Predatory Bird Tissue Bank is to preserve biological samples collected from known locations and dates by the Predatory Bird Monitoring Scheme, which can then be used for future analysis and research.","state":"published","title":"Predatory Bird Tissue Bank","version":1.0,"view":["public","phtr"]},{"catalogue":"infrastructure","description":"QUESTOR simulates water quality in rivers to understand changing water quality and ecosystem health under past and present conditions.  It is used: (1) to predict how river water quality will respond to climate change; and (2) to predict how river water quality will respond to changing water management (eg increased abstraction or discharge; planting river-bank trees; or building a flood relief channel).","documentType":"infrastructurerecord","identifier":"906ea32c-1005-45a2-afbe-86619e8bc45f","incomingCitationCount":0,"infrastructureCapabilities":"QUESTOR is a process model that is practical to run using widely available data sets as inputs.  It simulates time series (daily or hourly) of river flow, temperature, nutrient and sediment concentrations, chlorophyll (algal biomass) and dissolved oxygen.  When run in hourly mode it can also be used to estimate ecosystem metabolism which represents the balance between photosynthesis and respiration.  In this way it provides an integrated measure of the health of the river ecosystem, as well as information about pollutant concentrations which can be related directly to regulatory standards.  The model represents the branching in river networks, and directly includes the influences of tributaries, abstractions, effluents and weirs.","infrastructureCategory":["Environmental models"],"infrastructureChallenge":["Pollution"],"infrastructureClass":["Digital infrastructures"],"metadataDate":"2025-04-04T11:52:47.000Z","recordType":"Science infrastructure","resourceIdentifier":["https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/906ea32c-1005-45a2-afbe-86619e8bc45f"],"resourceType":"Science infrastructure","scienceArea":"Pollution","shortenedDescription":"QUESTOR simulates water quality in rivers to understand changing water quality and ecosystem health under past and present conditions.  It is used: (1) to predict how river water quality will respond to climate change; and (2) to predict how river water quality will…","state":"published","title":"QUality Evaluation and Simulation TOol for River systems (QUESTOR)","version":1.0,"view":["public","phtr"]},{"catalogue":"infrastructure","description":"OPRAS predicts the formation and loss of organic matter and pores in soils.  It is used by researchers to predict changes in soil carbon and water-holding capacity in response to climate, nutrient inputs, and notably to soil drainage and re-wetting.","documentType":"infrastructurerecord","identifier":"70c31779-4ccd-4e88-b852-2bf6ac9581bb","incomingCitationCount":0,"infrastructureCapabilities":"OPRAS is a dynamic process model that predicts the formation and loss of soil organic matter, pores and water-holding capacity in soils across the mineral - organomineral - peat continuum.  It integrates soil biogeochemistry and hydrology processes to predict changes in soil carbon and porosity on the basis of the fundamental mechanisms that protect soil organic matter (SOM): Sorption, Occlusion and Hypoxia.  OPRAS links to TopModel to predict the effects of land-management on catchment-scale streamflow.  For the NERC-AHRC project \"PARAGUAS\" (PÁRamos para AGUA y Sociedád), OPRAS was linked to a physically based catchment hydrology model (TopModel) to predict the effects of land-management on catchment-scale streamflow.  TopModel is a well-established and openly available model: https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/topmodel/index.html.\n\nNote that OPRAS is not part of the UKCEH N14CP family of models; it is based on different principles.","infrastructureCategory":["Environmental models"],"infrastructureChallenge":["Pollution","Climate change: mitigation"],"infrastructureClass":["Digital infrastructures"],"metadataDate":"2025-04-09T09:24:47.000Z","recordType":"Science infrastructure","resourceIdentifier":["https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/70c31779-4ccd-4e88-b852-2bf6ac9581bb"],"resourceType":"Science infrastructure","scienceArea":"Soils and Land Use","shortenedDescription":"OPRAS predicts the formation and loss of organic matter and pores in soils.  It is used by researchers to predict changes in soil carbon and water-holding capacity in response to climate, nutrient inputs, and notably to soil drainage and re-wetting.","state":"published","title":"Organic matter Protection through low Redox, Aggregation and Sorption (OPRAS)","version":1.0,"view":["public","phtr"]},{"catalogue":"infrastructure","description":"The UKCEH Soil Bank is UKCEH’s facility for storing and analysing soil samples from nationally important surveys and experiments. It contains soils from across England, Scotland and Wales, as well as samples from key global studies, with the majority of samples linked to an array of existing soil, vegetation, habitat and climate data.\n\nSoils are a living ecosystem involving a complex mix of minerals, decaying and stabilised organic matter and a diverse biota of microbes and microfauna. The UKCEH Soil Bank comprises both air-dried soil samples, typically used to analyse key soil properties, and frozen core samples, which can be used for DNA-based biodiversity analyses.","documentType":"infrastructurerecord","identifier":"d5a7b276-3fbc-4d12-b816-0f74a4692a33","incomingCitationCount":0,"infrastructureCapabilities":"The Soil Bank houses air-dried and frozen soil samples, and is equipped with: extensive roller-racking shelving for air-dried soil samples (currently ~8000 samples); two walk-in freezer rooms, one with roller-racking, both maintained at -20 degrees (currently ~7000 frozen cores). This is coupled with laboratory facilities for processing and analyses.","infrastructureCategory":["Discovery collections"],"infrastructureChallenge":["Pollution","Sustainable ecosystems: biodiversity net gain"],"infrastructureClass":["Environmental observatories"],"infrastructureScale":"UK","locations":["POINT(-2.78296 54.01318)"],"metadataDate":"2025-04-09T09:24:37.000Z","recordType":"Science infrastructure","resourceIdentifier":["https://catalogue-staging.ceh.ac.uk/id/a6dd2981-e815-4bbd-9737-492c7bc3511e","https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/d5a7b276-3fbc-4d12-b816-0f74a4692a33"],"resourceType":"Science infrastructure","scienceArea":"Soils and Land Use","shortenedDescription":"The UKCEH Soil Bank is UKCEH’s facility for storing and analysing soil samples from nationally important surveys and experiments. It contains soils from across England, Scotland and Wales, as well as samples from key global studies, with the majority of samples linked…","state":"published","title":"UKCEH Soil Bank","version":1.0,"view":["public","phtr"]},{"catalogue":"infrastructure","description":"Trees4AirPollution predicts the benefits of trees in removing air pollution.  It allows users to quantify changes in air pollution and health benefits (including economic value) for existing woodland, planned new woodland, and woodland removal.","documentType":"infrastructurerecord","identifier":"7564dce4-3eaa-473d-84a5-87e743c1de01","incomingCitationCount":0,"infrastructureCapabilities":"Trees4AirPollution is a web-based decision-support tool.  It allows users to click on any UK local authority to calculate how much PM2.5 air pollution (very small particles damaging to health) is removed within that local authority by trees.  Users can also evaluate the effect of increasing or decreasing woodland, and the resulting economic value of health benefits or impacts.","infrastructureCategory":["Environmental models"],"infrastructureChallenge":["Sustainable ecosystems: biodiversity net gain"],"infrastructureClass":["Digital infrastructures"],"metadataDate":"2025-11-13T09:05:07.000Z","recordType":"Science infrastructure","resourceIdentifier":["https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/7564dce4-3eaa-473d-84a5-87e743c1de01"],"resourceType":"Science infrastructure","scienceArea":"Soils and Land Use","shortenedDescription":"Trees4AirPollution predicts the benefits of trees in removing air pollution.  It allows users to quantify changes in air pollution and health benefits (including economic value) for existing woodland, planned new woodland, and woodland removal.","state":"published","title":"Tree Planting Tool for Air Pollution (Trees4AirPollution)","version":1.0,"view":["public","phtr"]}],"rows":20,"url":"http://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk:443/infrastructure/documents?facet=infrastructureCategory%7C(Environmental%20models%20OR%20Discovery%20collections%20OR%20Field%20research%20platforms)"}