QUESTOR represents a river as a series of river reaches within which physical, chemical and biological processes operate.. The initial selection of reaches is based on the location of confluences, diffuse (catchment) sources, discharge points, abstraction points, monitoring...

The impacts of the suite of Countryside Stewardship options were reductions in national agricultural pollution of over 6% (nitrate) and 10% (phosphorus). Accounting for non-agricultural sources of pollution reduced the net overall impact of the options to 4% (nitrate)...

more to come

LUCI explores the capability of a landscape to provide a variety of ecosystem services, such as agricultural production, flood and diffuse pollutant mitigation, carbon sequestration, habitat provision etc. The model is a second generation extension and accompanying...

Farmscoper is a decision support tool that allows an assessment of the cost and effectiveness of agricultural mitigation methods on multiple pollutants. It incorporates meta-models of a number of different pollutant models which have previously been used for government...

This case study examines the sensitivity / uncertainty in outputs of models at various scales resulting from differences or uncertainties in models and input driving data. Three cases will be considered: A) uncertainties arising from the model structure being used;...

National scale nutrient and sediment source apportionment screening tool for England and Wales developed originally as part of Defra project WQ0223 (Developing a field toolkit for ecological targeting of agricultural diffuse pollution mitigation measures). SEPARATE...

This case study uses a Dynamic Typology Tool (DTT) to combine spatially explicit datasets describing landscape character and management and identify homologous areas of agricultural potential, natural environment quality and risk. The DTT provides national coverage...

QUESTOR modelling shows that all the mitigation methods applied can reduce the amount of Chlorophyll-a predicted to occur in the river. The extent of the reduction is different depending on the data used to drive the QUESTOR model. The effect of increasing the shading...

SAGIS was developed for UKWIR, with support from the Environment Agency, SEPA and Natural England, to analyse sources of chemicals at the river basin scale and identify measures to improve river, lake and estuary water quality. National data on the source of chemicals...

INCA-N operates at a daily time step, tracking the stores and fluxes of water, nitrate and ammonium in both the land and in-stream phases of a river catchment. The model is spatially ‘semi-distributed’: the water course is split into reaches with associated sub-catchments....

INCA-P operates at a daily time step, tracking the stores and fluxes of water, sediment, dissolved and particulate P in both the land and in-stream phases of a river catchment. The model is spatially ‘semi-distributed’: the water course is split into reaches with associated...

Despite the uncertainty in future climate and land use, large-scale measures put in place today to improve water quality are likely to remain effective in the future in northeast Scotland. Dynamic models can provide useful indications of the likely lag time between...

SWAT is the product of over 40 years of research and is subject to ongoing development. The model is designed to simulate the effects of changes in land management practices, land use and climate on surface water and groundwater quality and quantity, sediments, nutrients,...