This case study examines potential trade-offs and co-benefits for a suite of ecosystem services at the farm to catchment scale that may be potential ‘by-products’ of an agri-environment scheme designed to reduce total multi-pollutant loads entering watercourses.

Farmscoper is a decision support tool that allows an assessment of the cost and effectiveness of agricultural mitigation methods on multiple pollutants. It incorporates meta-models of a number of different pollutant models which have previously been used for government...