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Soil cores of 150-180 millimetre (mm) depth, containing approximately 1.6 kilogram soil (dry weight) were extracted in Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes (height 215 mm depth 102 mm) and stored at 4 degrees centigrade for 30 days. A four-treatment factorial experiment was designed using soils un-amended or amended with biochar and un-wetted or wetted with deionised water (5 replicates per treatment). Soil in all the cores was mixed to 7 centimetre (cm) depth. To half of the cores, biochar (less than 2 mm) was mixed into the soil at a rate of 3 percent soil dry weight (approximately 22 tons per hectare (t ha-1)). After allowing for any potential Carbon dioxide (CO2) flush from newly-mixed soil to equilibrate for seven days, the cores were placed at 16 degrees centigrade in the dark. Un-wetted soil cores were maintained at 23 percent Gravimetric moisture content (GMC), whilst the GMC of 'wetted' soil cores was increased to 28 percent GMC at the time zero (t0) of four wetting events on day 17, 46, 67 and 116. These water addition rates were based on mean and maximum monthly soil GMC measured in the field between 2009-2010.","metadataDate":"2026-06-29T16:35:19","notGEMINI":false,"onlineResources":[{"url":"https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/data/2757e972-a7fe-494d-92c3-c3205dfdef19","name":"Download the data","description":"Download a copy of this data","function":"download","type":"OTHER"},{"url":"https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/sd/2757e972-a7fe-494d-92c3-c3205dfdef19.zip","name":"Supporting Documentation","description":"Supporting information available to assist with re-use of this dataset.","function":"information","type":"OTHER"}],"pointsOfContact":[{"honorificPrefix":"Dr","familyName":"McNamara","givenName":"Niall","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"pointOfContact","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","address":{"deliveryPoint":"Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg","city":"Lancaster","administrativeArea":"Lancashire","postalCode":"LA1 4AP","country":"United Kingdom"},"fullName":"McNamara, N.","pointOfContact":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology"}],"publicationDate":"2014-01-16T00:00:00.000Z","publishers":[{"organisationName":"NERC Environmental Information Data Centre","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/04xw4m193","role":"publisher","email":"info@eidc.ac.uk"}],"resourceIdentifiers":[{"code":"1385546340624","codeSpace":"CEH:EIDC:"},{"code":"https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/2757e972-a7fe-494d-92c3-c3205dfdef19"},{"code":"10.5285/2757e972-a7fe-494d-92c3-c3205dfdef19","codeSpace":"doi"}],"resourceMaintenance":[{"frequencyOfUpdate":"notPlanned"}],"resourceType":{"value":"dataset"},"responsibleParties":[{"honorificPrefix":"Dr","familyName":"McNamara","givenName":"Niall","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"pointOfContact","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","address":{"deliveryPoint":"Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg","city":"Lancaster","administrativeArea":"Lancashire","postalCode":"LA1 4AP","country":"United Kingdom"},"fullName":"McNamara, N.","pointOfContact":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology"},{"familyName":"Case","givenName":"S.D.C.","organisationName":"Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3445-3684","fullName":"Case, S.D.C."},{"familyName":"McNamara","givenName":"N.P.","organisationName":"Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5143-5819","fullName":"McNamara, N.P."},{"familyName":"Reay","givenName":"D.S.","organisationName":"University of Edinburgh","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","fullName":"Reay, D.S."},{"familyName":"Chaplow","givenName":"J.S.","organisationName":"Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8058-8697","fullName":"Chaplow, J.S."},{"familyName":"Whitaker","givenName":"J.","organisationName":"Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8824-471X","fullName":"Whitaker, J."},{"organisationName":"NERC Environmental Information Data Centre","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/04xw4m193","role":"publisher","email":"info@eidc.ac.uk"},{"organisationName":"NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/04xw4m193","role":"custodian","email":"info@eidc.ac.uk"},{"organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"rightsHolder","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk"}],"rightsHolders":[{"organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"rightsHolder","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk"}],"spatialReferenceSystems":[{"code":"http://www.opengis.net/def/crs/EPSG/0/27700","title":"OSGB 1936 / British National Grid"}],"spatialRepresentationTypes":["textTable"],"supplemental":[{"description":"Case, Sean D.C.; McNamara, Niall P.; Reay, David S.; Whitaker, Jeanette. 2012 The effect of biochar addition on N2O and CO2 emissions from a sandy loam soil: the role of soil aeration. 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