{"accessLimitation":{"value":"controlled","availability":"Controlled","description":"Access to the resource is limited to users who have been authorised by the data custodian or data owner in accordance with applicable policies, agreements, or licensing conditions","uri":"hhttp://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/N07/current/RAUT/"},"authors":[{"familyName":"Rowland","givenName":"C.S.","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0459-506X","fullName":"Rowland, C.S."},{"familyName":"Marston","givenName":"C.G.","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2070-2187","fullName":"Marston, C.G."},{"familyName":"Morton","givenName":"R.D.","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3947-6463","fullName":"Morton, R.D."},{"familyName":"O'Neil","givenName":"A.W.","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3591-1034","fullName":"O'Neil, A.W."}],"availability":"Controlled","boundingBoxes":[{"westBoundLongitude":-8.648,"eastBoundLongitude":1.768,"southBoundLatitude":49.864,"northBoundLatitude":60.861,"bounds":"{\"type\": \"Feature\",      \"properties\": {},      \"geometry\": {        \"type\": \"Polygon\",        \"coordinates\": [[[-8.648, 49.864], [-8.648, 60.861], [1.768, 60.861], [1.768, 49.864], [-8.648, 49.864]]]      }}","coordinates":"[[[-8.648, 49.864], [-8.648, 60.861], [1.768, 60.861], [1.768, 49.864], [-8.648, 49.864]]]"}],"citation":{"authors":["Rowland, C.S.","Marston, C.G.","Morton, R.D.","O'Neil, A.W."],"bibtex":"https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/documents/304a7a40-1388-49f5-b3ac-709129406399/citation?format=bib","day":17,"doi":"10.5285/304a7a40-1388-49f5-b3ac-709129406399","month":6,"publisher":"NERC Environmental Information Data Centre","resourceTypeGeneral":"dataset","ris":"https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/documents/304a7a40-1388-49f5-b3ac-709129406399/citation?format=ris","title":"Land Cover Map 1990 (vector, GB)","url":"https://doi.org/10.5285/304a7a40-1388-49f5-b3ac-709129406399","year":2020},"custodians":[{"organisationName":"NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/04xw4m193","role":"custodian","email":"info@eidc.ac.uk"}],"datasetReferenceDate":{"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","releasedDate":"2020-07-08"},"description":"This dataset consists of the vector version of the Land Cover Map 1990 (LCM1990) for Great Britain. The vector data set is the core LCM data set from which the full range of other LCM1990 products are derived. It provides a number of attributes including land cover at the target class level (given as an integer value and also as text), the number of pixels within the polygon classified as each land cover type and a probability value provided by the classification algorithm (for full details see the LCM1990 Dataset Documentation). The 21 target classes are based on the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Broad Habitats, which encompass the entire range of UK habitats. \nLCM1990 is a land cover map of the UK which was produced at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology by classifying satellite images (mainly from 1989 and 1990) into 21 Broad Habitat-based classes. It is the first in a series of land cover maps for the UK, which also includes maps for 2000, 2007, 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019.  \n\nLCM1990 consists of a range of raster and vector products and users should familiarise themselves with the full range (see related records, the UKCEH web site and the LCM1990 Dataset documentation) to select the product most suited to their needs.\n\nThis work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.","distributionFormats":[{"name":"SpatiaLite","type":"application/vnd.sqlite3","version":"unknown"}],"distributorContacts":[{"organisationName":"NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/04xw4m193","role":"distributor","email":"info@eidc.ac.uk"}],"funding":[{"funderName":"Natural Environment Research Council","funderIdentifier":"https://ror.org/02b5d8509","awardTitle":"UK-SCaPE","awardNumber":"NE/R016429/1","awardURI":"https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE/R016429/1","orcid":false,"ror":true}],"id":"304a7a40-1388-49f5-b3ac-709129406399","incomingCitationCount":1,"incomingCitations":[{"description":"Eden, C.F., Gillings, S., Broughton, R.K., Donato, B., Hewson, C.M., & Sharp, S.P. (2026). Role of freshwater availability and terrestrial land‐cover change in the distribution of a declining, terrestrial, insectivorous bird. Conservation Biology.","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70219","type":"academic"}],"infoLinks":[{"url":"https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/sd/304a7a40-1388-49f5-b3ac-709129406399.zip","name":"Supporting information","description":"Supporting information available to assist in re-use of this dataset","function":"information","type":"OTHER"}],"inspireThemes":[{"theme":"Land Cover","uri":"http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/theme/lc"}],"keywordsOther":[{"value":"vector"},{"value":"LCM1990"},{"value":"UK-SCAPE"}],"keywordsPlace":[{"value":"Great Britain"}],"keywordsTheme":[{"value":"Land cover","uri":"http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/11"},{"value":"Land use","uri":"http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/12"}],"licences":[{"value":"Bespoke licensing conditions apply to these data. If you choose to download the data, the UKCEH Data Licensing team will contact you to negotiate a licence","code":"license"}],"lineage":"For LCM1990, per-pixel classifications were conducted, using a random forest classification algorithm to classify the different land cover types. The resultant classifications were then mosaicked together, with the best classifications taking priority. This produced a per-pixel classification of the UK, which was then imported into the spatial framework, recording a number of attributes, including the majority class per polygon which is the Land Cover class for each polygon. The 25m raster classification product is the majority class per polygon i.e. the dominant class for each polygon. LCM1990 uses a spatial framework that is similar to the LCM2007 framework. For both LCM2007, LCM2015 and LCM1990 the framework is based on generalised OS MasterMap (R). The generalisation (or simplification) process was used to remove very small objects, which provided unnecessary detail. In LCM2007 larger polygons were split using image segmentation; however this was not done for LCM2015 or LCM1990.","metadataDate":"2026-06-30T16:41:20","notGEMINI":false,"onlineResources":[{"url":"https://order-eidc.ceh.ac.uk/resources/JHP78BRW/order","name":"Download the data","description":"Order a copy of this data","function":"order","type":"OTHER"},{"url":"https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/sd/304a7a40-1388-49f5-b3ac-709129406399.zip","name":"Supporting information","description":"Supporting information available to assist in re-use of this dataset","function":"information","type":"OTHER"}],"pointsOfContact":[{"familyName":"Rowland","givenName":"C.S.","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"pointOfContact","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","address":{"deliveryPoint":"Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg","city":"Lancaster","administrativeArea":"Lancashire","postalCode":"LA1 4AP","country":"United Kingdom"},"fullName":"Rowland, C.S.","pointOfContact":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology"}],"publicationDate":"2020-06-17T00:00:00.000Z","publishers":[{"organisationName":"NERC Environmental Information Data Centre","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/04xw4m193","role":"publisher","email":"info@eidc.ac.uk"}],"relationships":[{"relation":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/isPartOf","target":"2ec9916d-d938-4212-ba1b-31468ddde8fe"}],"resourceIdentifiers":[{"code":"https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/304a7a40-1388-49f5-b3ac-709129406399"},{"code":"10.5285/304a7a40-1388-49f5-b3ac-709129406399","codeSpace":"doi"}],"resourceMaintenance":[{"frequencyOfUpdate":"notPlanned"}],"resourceType":{"value":"dataset"},"responsibleParties":[{"familyName":"Rowland","givenName":"C.S.","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"pointOfContact","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","address":{"deliveryPoint":"Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg","city":"Lancaster","administrativeArea":"Lancashire","postalCode":"LA1 4AP","country":"United Kingdom"},"fullName":"Rowland, C.S.","pointOfContact":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology"},{"familyName":"Rowland","givenName":"C.S.","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0459-506X","fullName":"Rowland, C.S."},{"familyName":"Marston","givenName":"C.G.","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2070-2187","fullName":"Marston, C.G."},{"familyName":"Morton","givenName":"R.D.","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3947-6463","fullName":"Morton, R.D."},{"familyName":"O'Neil","givenName":"A.W.","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3591-1034","fullName":"O'Neil, A.W."},{"organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"rightsHolder","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk"},{"organisationName":"NERC Environmental Information Data Centre","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/04xw4m193","role":"publisher","email":"info@eidc.ac.uk"},{"organisationName":"NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/04xw4m193","role":"custodian","email":"info@eidc.ac.uk"}],"rightsHolders":[{"organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"rightsHolder","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk"}],"spatialReferenceSystems":[{"code":"http://www.opengis.net/def/crs/EPSG/0/27700","title":"OSGB 1936 / British National Grid"}],"spatialRepresentationTypes":["vector"],"spatialResolutions":[{"distance":"20","uom":"urn:ogc:def:uom:EPSG::9001"}],"temporalExtents":[{"begin":"1988-01-01","end":"1990-12-31"}],"title":"Land Cover Map 1990 (vector, GB)","topicCategories":[{"value":"geoscientificInformation","uri":"http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/TopicCategory/geoscientificInformation"},{"value":"imageryBaseMapsEarthCover","uri":"http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/TopicCategory/imageryBaseMapsEarthCover"}],"topics":["http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/11","http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/12"],"type":"dataset","uri":"https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/304a7a40-1388-49f5-b3ac-709129406399","useConstraints":[{"value":"Bespoke licensing conditions apply to these data. 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