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The outputs are generated using neural network models trained on COSMOS-UK (cosmic-ray soil moisture) observational data. 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Specifically, the inputs required to generate topsoil temperature outputs are: current day and previous day driving meteorology (temperature, total precipitation, longwave radiation, shortwave radiation, and the sunlight-hours average shortwave radiation); soil type vector (normalized ratios of five classes: sand, silt, clay, chalk, peat); soil organic carbon; bulk density of soil; land cover vector; elevation. There is an optional input of the MODIS 1 km Land Surface Temperature satellite product Day and/or Night values. The output of the topsoil temperature model is used as input to the soil moisture model.\n\nThe inputs required for the soil moisture model are: daily driving meteorology (temperature, pressure, total precipitation, relative humidity, longwave radiation, shortwave radiation, wind speed, and the sunlight-hours average shortwave radiation); soil type vector (normalized ratios of five classes: sand, silt, clay, chalk, peat); soil organic carbon; bulk density of soil; base flow index from the hydrology of soil types (BFIHOST); land cover vector; soil temperature; elevation. There is an optional input of the daily 1 km Soil Water Index satellite product from Copernicus.\n\nVolumetric water content values in the COSMOS-UK data (TDT point probes and neutron sensor) that were higher than 90% were removed from the training set. The COSMOS-UK site Tadham Moor was removed from the training set after visual inspection of the TDT and neutron sensor data.\n","metadataDate":"2026-06-29T16:28:24","notGEMINI":false,"onlineResources":[{"url":"https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/datastore/eidchub/5100e84a-6af9-419b-b4b6-4a5df13b1aec","name":"Download the data","description":"Download a copy of this data","function":"fileAccess","type":"OTHER"},{"url":"https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/sd/5100e84a-6af9-419b-b4b6-4a5df13b1aec.zip","name":"Supporting information","description":"Supporting information available to assist in re-use of this dataset","function":"information","type":"OTHER"}],"pointsOfContact":[{"familyName":"Khamis","givenName":"Doran","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"pointOfContact","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","address":{"deliveryPoint":"Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford","city":"Wallingford","administrativeArea":"Oxfordshire","postalCode":"OX10 8BB","country":"United Kingdom"},"fullName":"Khamis, D.","pointOfContact":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology"}],"publicationDate":"2024-04-29T00:00:00.000Z","publishers":[{"organisationName":"NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/04xw4m193","role":"publisher","email":"info@eidc.ac.uk"}],"relationships":[{"relation":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/requires","target":"5dd624a9-55c9-4cc0-b366-d335991073c7"},{"relation":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/requires","target":"9e4451f8-23d3-40dc-9302-73e30ad3dd76"},{"relation":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/requires","target":"7115bc48-3ab0-475d-84ae-fd3126c20984"},{"relation":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/requires","target":"5060cc27-0b5b-471b-86eb-71f96da0c80f"},{"relation":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/requires","target":"835a50df-e74f-4bfb-b593-804fd61d5eab"}],"resourceIdentifiers":[{"code":"https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/5100e84a-6af9-419b-b4b6-4a5df13b1aec"},{"code":"10.5285/5100e84a-6af9-419b-b4b6-4a5df13b1aec","codeSpace":"doi"}],"resourceType":{"value":"dataset"},"responsibleParties":[{"familyName":"Khamis","givenName":"D.","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","fullName":"Khamis, D."},{"familyName":"Smith","givenName":"R.","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","fullName":"Smith, R."},{"familyName":"Fry","givenName":"M.","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","fullName":"Fry, M."},{"familyName":"Evans","givenName":"J.","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","fullName":"Evans, J."},{"familyName":"Khamis","givenName":"Doran","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"pointOfContact","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","address":{"deliveryPoint":"Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford","city":"Wallingford","administrativeArea":"Oxfordshire","postalCode":"OX10 8BB","country":"United Kingdom"},"fullName":"Khamis, D.","pointOfContact":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology"},{"organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"rightsHolder","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk"},{"organisationName":"NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/04xw4m193","role":"publisher","email":"info@eidc.ac.uk"},{"organisationName":"NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/04xw4m193","role":"custodian","email":"info@eidc.ac.uk"}],"rightsHolders":[{"organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"rightsHolder","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk"}],"spatialReferenceSystems":[{"code":"http://www.opengis.net/def/crs/EPSG/0/4326","title":"WGS 84"}],"spatialRepresentationTypes":["grid"],"spatialResolutions":[{"distance":"1000","uom":"urn:ogc:def:uom:EPSG::9001"}],"temporalExtents":[{"begin":"1965-01-01","end":"2018-12-31"}],"temporalResolution":["1 day"],"title":"Modelled daily soil moisture and soil temperature at 1km resolution across the UK mainland, 1965-2018","topicCategories":[{"value":"environment","uri":"http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/TopicCategory/environment"}],"topics":["http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/17"],"type":"dataset","uri":"https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/5100e84a-6af9-419b-b4b6-4a5df13b1aec","useConstraints":[{"value":"This resource is available under the terms of the Open Government Licence","code":"license","uri":"https://eidc.ac.uk/licences/ogl/plain"}]}