{"accessLimitation":{"value":"noLimitations","availability":"Available","description":"Access to the resource is not subject to any access limitations and is available to all users without restriction.","uri":"http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/N07/current/UNRS/"},"authors":[{"familyName":"Cape","givenName":"John Neil","organisationName":"Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-588X","address":{"deliveryPoint":"Bush Estate","city":"Penicuik","postalCode":"EH26 0QB","country":"UK"},"fullName":"Cape, J.N."},{"familyName":"Smith","givenName":"R.I.","organisationName":"Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","address":{"deliveryPoint":"Bush Estate","city":"Penicuik","postalCode":"EH26 0QB","country":"UK"},"fullName":"Smith, R.I."},{"familyName":"Leaver","givenName":"D.S.","organisationName":"Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","address":{"deliveryPoint":"Bush Estate","city":"Penicuik","postalCode":"EH26 0QB","country":"UK"},"fullName":"Leaver, D.S."}],"availability":"Available","boundingBoxes":[{"westBoundLongitude":-8.03,"eastBoundLongitude":1.88,"southBoundLatitude":49.72,"northBoundLatitude":60.99,"bounds":"{\"type\": \"Feature\",      \"properties\": {},      \"geometry\": {        \"type\": \"Polygon\",        \"coordinates\": [[[-8.03, 49.72], [-8.03, 60.99], [1.88, 60.99], [1.88, 49.72], [-8.03, 49.72]]]      }}","coordinates":"[[[-8.03, 49.72], [-8.03, 60.99], [1.88, 60.99], [1.88, 49.72], [-8.03, 49.72]]]"}],"citation":{"authors":["Cape, J.N.","Smith, R.I.","Leaver, D.S."],"bibtex":"https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/documents/ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7/citation?format=bib","day":30,"doi":"10.5285/ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7","month":5,"publisher":"NERC Environmental Information Data Centre","resourceTypeGeneral":"dataset","ris":"https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/documents/ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7/citation?format=ris","title":"Cleaned UK rainfall chemistry data (1986-2011)","url":"https://doi.org/10.5285/ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7","year":2014},"custodians":[{"organisationName":"NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre","role":"custodian","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk"}],"datasetLanguages":["eng"],"datasetReferenceDate":{"publicationDate":"2014-05-30"},"description":"These data are based on the UK rainfall chemistry data held on the UK-AIR database operated on behalf of Defra (http://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/). A subset of 20 sites was analysed, being those with the longest continuous data record from 1986 to 2011. Rainfall samples from bulk collectors were taken weekly or two-weekly at sites across the UK and analyzed by a central laboratory. The raw reported data contain some samples which were contaminated by bird droppings, or by wind-blown dust, and should not be used to estimate annual or long-term wet deposition at the measurement sites. Some samples were missing for other reasons, such as physical loss of the rain sample prior to analysis. Following identification and removal of contaminated sample data, the missing data were estimated, where possible, using statistical interpolation across both time and space with the GENSTAT procedure MULTMISSING. The final datasets contain the accepted and estimated data values, flagged as appropriate.  \n\nThe data filenames correspond to the sites as listed in the UK-AIR database (Allt a'Mharcaidh, Bannisdale, Barcombe Mills, Bottesford, Eskdalemuir, Flatford Mill, Goonhilly, High Muffles, Hillsborough, Loch Dee, Lough Navar, Preston Montford, Pumlumon, Stoke Ferry, Strathvaich, Thorganby, Tycanol Wood,Wardlow Hay Cop, Whiteadder, Yarner Wood).\n\nThis cleaned dataset was prepared by Neil Cape, Ron Smith and David Leaver at CEH Edinburgh on behalf of Defra and the Devolved Administrations under the project Pollutant Deposition Processes.","distributionFormats":[{"name":"Comma-separated values (CSV)","type":"text/csv","version":"unknown"}],"distributorContacts":[{"organisationName":"NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/04xw4m193","role":"distributor","email":"info@eidc.ac.uk"}],"id":"ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7","incomingCitationCount":3,"incomingCitations":[{"description":"Cape, J. N., Smith, R. I., & Leaver, D. (2015). Missing data in spatiotemporal datasets: the UK rainfall chemistry network. Geoscience Data Journal, 2(1), 25–30","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gdj3.24"},{"description":"Bottrell, S., Hipkins, E.V., Lane, J.M., Zegos, R.A., Banks, D., & Frengstad, B.S. (2017). Carbon-13 in groundwater from English and Norwegian crystalline rock aquifers: a tool for deducing the origin of alkalinity? Sustainable Water Resources Management, 5(1), 267–287.","url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-017-0203-7"},{"description":"Raper, E., Banks, D., Shipperbottom, J., & Ham, P. (2022). Baseline surface- and groundwater monitoring prior to an onshore shale gas operation in the Vale of Pickering, UK.Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology, 55(3)","url":"https://doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2021-104"}],"infoLinks":[{"url":"https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/sd/ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7.zip","name":"Supporting information","description":"Supporting information available to assist in re-use of this dataset","function":"information","type":"OTHER"}],"inspireThemes":[{"theme":"Environmental Monitoring Facilities","uri":"http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/theme/ef"}],"keywordsOther":[{"value":"rainfall chemistry"},{"value":"cleaned dataset"},{"value":"atmosphere","uri":"http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/617"},{"value":"atmospheric precipitation","uri":"http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/637"},{"value":"Climate and climate change","uri":"http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/4"}],"keywordsPlace":[{"value":"United Kingdom","uri":"http://sws.geonames.org/2635167"},{"value":"Allt a'Mharcaidh"},{"value":"Bannisdale"},{"value":"Barcombe Mills"},{"value":"Bottesford"},{"value":"Eskdalemuir"},{"value":"Flatford Mill"},{"value":"Goonhilly"},{"value":"High Muffles"},{"value":"Loch Dee"},{"value":"Hillsborough"},{"value":"Lough Navar"},{"value":"Preston Montford"},{"value":"Pumlumon"},{"value":"Stoke Ferry"},{"value":"Strathvaich"},{"value":"Thorganby"},{"value":"Wardlow Hay Cop"},{"value":"Tycanol Wood"},{"value":"Yarner Wood"},{"value":"Whiteadder"}],"keywordsProject":[{"value":"PrecipNet"},{"value":"UK National Rainfall Chemistry Network"}],"licences":[{"value":"Licence terms and conditions apply ","code":"license","uri":"https://eidc.ac.uk/licences/ogl/plain"}],"lineage":"Stored data in the UK-AIR database, operated on behalf of the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) at http://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/ were downloaded in 2012 for 20 of the PrecipNet sites with the longest data record, starting in 1986. Each sample entry was examined for internal chemical consistency and evidence of contamination, using the following rules: 1\tion balance:  The ion balance was calculated as  (Sum of(cations) - Sum of(anions)) / (Sum of(cations) + Sum of(anions)).  Some imbalance may occur because not all ions are analysed, e.g. bicarbonate or weak organic acids, so that a small positive balance is usually observed. Data were regarded as acceptable where the ion balance lay in the range -10% to +20%, except where the overall ion concentration (Sum of(cations + anions)) was less than 200 microequiv/l, where the uncertainties in individual ion analyses at low concentrations could lead to a greater uncertainty in calculating the ion balance; in such cases the range was extended from -10% to +30%.  2\tevidence of contamination: Samples with measured phosphate concentrations above 10 microequiv/l were eliminated. All samples with ammonium concentrations above 100 microequiv/l were examined, and those with potassium concentrations above 8 microequiv/l were eliminated. Finally, all samples with calcium concentrations greater than 50 microequiv/l which had higher calcium concentrations than sodium concentrations (in microequiv/l) were excluded as being contaminated with wind-blown dust. This last condition is rather conservative, i.e. some dust-contaminated samples may remain in the dataset; these usually were samples with very low sample volumes, so contributed little to the annual deposition. Following identification and removal of contaminated sample data, the missing data were estimated, where possible, using statistical interpolation across both time and space with the GENSTAT procedure MULTMISSING. The final datasets contain the accepted and estimated data values, flagged as appropriate. ","metadataDate":"2026-06-29T16:59:59","notGEMINI":false,"onlineResources":[{"url":"https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/sd/ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7.zip","name":"Supporting information","description":"Supporting information available to assist in re-use of this dataset","function":"information","type":"OTHER"},{"url":"https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/data/ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7","name":"Download the data","description":"Download a copy of this data","function":"download","type":"OTHER"}],"pointsOfContact":[{"honorificPrefix":"Professor","familyName":"Cape","givenName":"John Neil","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"pointOfContact","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-588X","address":{"deliveryPoint":"Bush Estate","city":"Penicuik","postalCode":"EH26 0QB","country":"UK"},"fullName":"Cape, J.N.","pointOfContact":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology"}],"publicationDate":"2014-05-30T00:00:00.000Z","publishers":[{"organisationName":"NERC Environmental Information Data Centre","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/04xw4m193","role":"publisher","email":"info@eidc.ac.uk"}],"resourceIdentifiers":[{"code":"1398956265930","codeSpace":"CEH:EIDC:"},{"code":"https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7"},{"code":"10.5285/ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7","codeSpace":"doi"}],"resourceMaintenance":[{"frequencyOfUpdate":"notPlanned","note":"historical data"}],"resourceType":{"value":"dataset"},"responsibleParties":[{"familyName":"Cape","givenName":"John Neil","organisationName":"Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-588X","address":{"deliveryPoint":"Bush Estate","city":"Penicuik","postalCode":"EH26 0QB","country":"UK"},"fullName":"Cape, J.N."},{"familyName":"Smith","givenName":"R.I.","organisationName":"Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","address":{"deliveryPoint":"Bush Estate","city":"Penicuik","postalCode":"EH26 0QB","country":"UK"},"fullName":"Smith, R.I."},{"familyName":"Leaver","givenName":"D.S.","organisationName":"Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"author","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","address":{"deliveryPoint":"Bush Estate","city":"Penicuik","postalCode":"EH26 0QB","country":"UK"},"fullName":"Leaver, D.S."},{"honorificPrefix":"Professor","familyName":"Cape","givenName":"John Neil","organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"pointOfContact","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-588X","address":{"deliveryPoint":"Bush Estate","city":"Penicuik","postalCode":"EH26 0QB","country":"UK"},"fullName":"Cape, J.N.","pointOfContact":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology"},{"organisationName":"NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre","role":"custodian","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk"},{"organisationName":"NERC Environmental Information Data Centre","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/04xw4m193","role":"publisher","email":"info@eidc.ac.uk"},{"organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"rightsHolder","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk"}],"rightsHolders":[{"organisationName":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","role":"rightsHolder","email":"enquiries@ceh.ac.uk"}],"spatialReferenceSystems":[{"code":"http://www.opengis.net/def/crs/EPSG/0/4326","title":"WGS 84"}],"spatialRepresentationTypes":["textTable"],"temporalExtents":[{"begin":"1986-01-01","end":"2011-12-31"}],"title":"Cleaned UK rainfall chemistry data (1986-2011)","topicCategories":[{"value":"climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere","uri":"http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/TopicCategory/climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere"},{"value":"environment","uri":"http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/TopicCategory/environment"}],"type":"dataset","uri":"https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/ada39609-ddec-4cbe-85c2-4fdd6bd774d7","useConstraints":[{"value":"Licence terms and conditions apply ","code":"license","uri":"https://eidc.ac.uk/licences/ogl/plain"},{"value":"© UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","code":"copyright"}]}