PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#>
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
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PREFIX dcmitype: <http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/>
PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
PREFIX geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#>
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PREFIX doo: <https://digital.ceh.ac.uk/ontology/doo/>
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PREFIX : <https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/>
:ba22d53b-4eee-48a1-b6f3-653d252c0358
dcterms:title "Groundwater levels, salinity, pH, and rainfall on the Indian Ocean island of Karainagar, Sri Lanka, 2019–2024" ;
dcterms:identifier "https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/ba22d53b-4eee-48a1-b6f3-653d252c0358","https://doi.org/10.5285/ba22d53b-4eee-48a1-b6f3-653d252c0358" ;
dcterms:bibliographicCitation "Karthiga, I., Rameshwaran, P., Ketheesan, B., Sriskandarajah, N. (2025). Groundwater levels, salinity, pH, and rainfall on the Indian Ocean island of Karainagar, Sri Lanka, 2019–2024. NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/ba22d53b-4eee-48a1-b6f3-653d252c0358" ;
dcterms:description "This dataset includes measurements of groundwater levels, salinity, and pH collected from 36 dug wells, along with rainfall data, on the Indian Ocean island of Karainagar, Sri Lanka, spanning the period from 2019 to 2024. Karainagar, the study area, is one of seven islands located off the coast of Jaffna in northern Sri Lanka. This rectangular island is bounded on three sides by the Palk Strait, while the fourth side faces the Jaffna Lagoon and is connected to the mainland by a causeway. Karainagar covers an area of approximately 22 km², including inland water bodies. Thirty-six dug wells—used for agricultural, domestic, Kovil (Temple), and public purposes—were inventoried. These wells were monitored to track groundwater levels and key physicochemical parameters, specifically salinity (measured as electrical conductivity, EC) and pH, on Karainagar Island." ;
dcterms:provenance [
a dcterms:ProvenanceStatement ;
rdfs:label "Groundwater levels and well dimensions (kerb height, diameter/width, and bottom elevation) were measured using a measuring tape. The locations of the dug wells and ground elevations relative to Mean Sea Level (MSL) were determined using a Global Positioning System (GPS) and land surveys. Salinity (measured as electrical conductivity, EC) and pH were recorded using a Hach HQ40D multi-parameter meter. Daily rainfall time series data were obtained from the records of the Agrarian Services Centre (ASC) in Karainagar."
] ;
dcterms:spatial [
a dcterms:Location ;
dcat:bbox "POLYGON((79.847 9.702, 79.847 9.768, 79.904 9.768, 79.904 9.702, 79.847 9.702))"^^geo:wktLiteral ;
] ;
dcterms:temporal
[ a dcterms:PeriodOfTime ;
dcat:startDate "2019-01-01"^^xsd:date ;
dcat:endDate "2024-12-31"^^xsd:date ;
] ;
dcat:contactPoint
:ba22d53b-4eee-48a1-b6f3-653d252c0358_c0 ;
dcterms:publisher
<https://ror.org/04xw4m193> ;
dcterms:subject
"Sri Lanka",
"Karainagar Island",
<http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/9>,
<http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/4>,
<http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/16>,
"pH",
"Electrical Conductivity",
<http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/3780>,
<http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/637>,
<http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/12226>,
<http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/3485>,
<http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/984>,
<http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9255>,
<http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9190> ;
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dcterms:type dcmitype:Dataset ;
dcterms:available "2025-05-28"^^xsd:date ;
dcat:landingPage <https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/ba22d53b-4eee-48a1-b6f3-653d252c0358>, <https://doi.org/10.5285/ba22d53b-4eee-48a1-b6f3-653d252c0358> ;
dcterms:license <https://spdx.org/licenses/OGL-UK-3.0.ttl>
;
dcterms:accessRights <http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/N07/current/EMBG/> ;
dcterms:theme
<http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/9>,
<http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/4>,
<http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/16> ;
dcterms:creator
<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0123-6934>,
<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8972-953X>,
<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9801-7091>,
<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9429-6767> ;
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:ba22d53b-4eee-48a1-b6f3-653d252c0358_c0 a foaf:Person ;
foaf:name "Ponnambalam Rameshwaran" ;
vcard:hasEmail "enquiries@ceh.ac.uk" ;
foaf:member <https://ror.org/00pggkr55> ;
.
<https://ror.org/04xw4m193> a foaf:Organization ;
foaf:name "NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre" ;
vcard:hasEmail "info@eidc.ac.uk" ;
foaf:member <https://ror.org/04xw4m193> ;
.
<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0123-6934> a foaf:Person ;
foaf:name "Karthiga, I." ;
foaf:familyName "Karthiga" ;
foaf:givenName "I." ;
vcard:hasEmail "karthigainthirakumaran@gmail.com" ;
foaf:member <https://ror.org/02fwjgw17> ;
.
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foaf:name "Rameshwaran, P." ;
foaf:familyName "Rameshwaran" ;
foaf:givenName "P." ;
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foaf:member <https://ror.org/00pggkr55> ;
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foaf:name "Ketheesan, B." ;
foaf:familyName "Ketheesan" ;
foaf:givenName "B." ;
vcard:hasEmail "kethees@eng.jfn.ac.lk" ;
foaf:member <https://ror.org/02fwjgw17> ;
.
<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9429-6767> a foaf:Person ;
foaf:name "Sriskandarajah, N." ;
foaf:familyName "Sriskandarajah" ;
foaf:givenName "N." ;
vcard:hasEmail "nadarajah.sriskandarajah@slu.se" ;
foaf:member <https://ror.org/02yy8x990> ;
.
<http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/9> a skos:Concept;
skos:prefLabel "Hydrology"; rdfs:label "Hydrology"
. <http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/4> a skos:Concept;
skos:prefLabel "Climate and climate change"; rdfs:label "Climate and climate change"
. <http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/16> a skos:Concept;
skos:prefLabel "Water quality"; rdfs:label "Water quality"
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skos:prefLabel "groundwater"; rdfs:label "groundwater"
. <http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/637> a skos:Concept;
skos:prefLabel "atmospheric precipitation"; rdfs:label "atmospheric precipitation"
. <http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/12226> a skos:Concept;
skos:prefLabel "water salinity"; rdfs:label "water salinity"
. <http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/3485> a skos:Concept;
skos:prefLabel "freshwater"; rdfs:label "freshwater"
. <http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/984> a skos:Concept;
skos:prefLabel "brackish water"; rdfs:label "brackish water"
. <http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9255> a skos:Concept;
skos:prefLabel "water well"; rdfs:label "water well"
. <http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/9190> a skos:Concept;
skos:prefLabel "water level"; rdfs:label "water level"
.
<https://ror.org/00pggkr55> a foaf:Organization ;
foaf:name "UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology" .
<https://ror.org/02fwjgw17> a foaf:Organization ;
foaf:name "University of Jaffna" .
<https://ror.org/02yy8x990> a foaf:Organization ;
foaf:name "Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences" .
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