PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#>
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
PREFIX dcat: <http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#>
PREFIX dcmitype: <http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/>
PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
PREFIX geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#>
PREFIX vcard: <http://www.w3.org/2006/vcard/ns#>
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PREFIX sosa: <http://www.w3.org/ns/sosa/>
PREFIX sdo: <https://schema.org/>
PREFIX ef: <http://www.w3.org/2015/03/inspire/ef/>
PREFIX doo: <https://digital.ceh.ac.uk/ontology/doo/>
PREFIX adms: <http://www.w3.org/ns/adms#>
PREFIX : <https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/>
:d4259244-ce78-4248-811f-216495c32fec
dcterms:title "UKCEH Land Cover plus: Pesticides 2012-2014, 2016-2018 and 2020-2022 (England, Scotland and Wales)" ;
dcterms:identifier <https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/d4259244-ce78-4248-811f-216495c32fec> ;
adms:identifier <https://doi.org/10.5285/d4259244-ce78-4248-811f-216495c32fec> ;
dcterms:bibliographicCitation "Jarvis, S., Arnett, J., Redhead, J., Pywell, R. (2026). UKCEH Land Cover plus: Pesticides 2012-2014, 2016-2018 and 2020-2022 (England, Scotland and Wales). NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/d4259244-ce78-4248-811f-216495c32fec" ;
dcterms:description "UKCEH Land Cover plus: Pesticides maps annual average pesticide applications across England, Wales and Scotland for three time periods (2012-2014, 2016-2018, 2020-2022). The product provides application estimates for 183 different active ingredients including herbicides, insecticides, molluscicides and fungicides. It is produced at a 1km resolution with units of kg active ingredient applied per year. This version of UKCEH Land Cover plus: Pesticides provides average annual application for three different time periods (2012-2014, 2016-2018, 2020-2022), allowing users to assess change in applications over time. This differs from the previous version of UKCEH Land Cover plus: Pesticides which provided a snapshot for a single time period (2012-2017). Pesticide application rates (kg/km2/yr) are calculated for each of the crops grown in each 1km square, using information from CEH Land Cover® Plus: Crops to determine where each crop is grown. A backcasting method was used to estimate crop cover for the earliest time period. Pesticide application data is provided by the Pesticide Usage Survey. Uncertainty maps are produced alongside each active ingredient map to quantify the level of confidence in the estimated applications. Uncertainty is quantified using the distribution of each parameter estimate obtained from the modelling method and is expressed relative to the total application. The product builds upon the UKCEH Land Cover® Plus: Crops product." ;
dcterms:provenance [
a dcterms:ProvenanceStatement ;
rdfs:label "The maps use data from the Fera Pesticide Utilisation Surveys (PUS), SASA (Science and Advice for Scottish Agriculture) Pesticide Survey Unit and CEH Land Cover® plus: Crops and have been assessed for quality. Briefly, data on pesticide application rates at county level are interpolated and matched to cropping data to create an estimate of application to each 1km square in England, Scotland and Wales for each time period. For further information, please see the supporting documentation available with this data product."
] ;
dcterms:spatial [
a dcterms:Location ;
dcat:bbox "POLYGON((-8.648 49.864, -8.648 60.861, 1.768 60.861, 1.768 49.864, -8.648 49.864))"^^geo:wktLiteral ;
] ;
dcterms:temporal
[ a dcterms:PeriodOfTime ;
dcat:startDate "2012-01-01"^^xsd:date ;
dcat:endDate "2022-12-31"^^xsd:date ;
] ;
dcat:contactPoint
<https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5382-5135> ;
dcterms:publisher
<https://ror.org/04xw4m193> ;
dcterms:subject
<http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/1>,
<http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/5>,
<http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/18>,
<http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/15>,
<http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/6310>,
<http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/3933>,
<http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/3530>,
<http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/4354> ;
prov:wasGeneratedBy
<https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FW005050%2F1> ;
a dcat:Dataset;
dcterms:type dcmitype:Dataset ;
dcterms:available "2026-07-28"^^xsd:date ;
dcat:landingPage <https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/d4259244-ce78-4248-811f-216495c32fec>, <https://doi.org/10.5285/d4259244-ce78-4248-811f-216495c32fec> ;
dcterms:license [ a dcterms:LicenseDocument;
rdfs:label "Bespoke licensing conditions apply to these data. If you choose to download the data, the UKCEH Data Licensing team will contact you to negotiate a licence";
]
;
dcterms:accessRights <http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/N07/current/EMBG/> ;
dcterms:theme
<http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/1>,
<http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/5>,
<http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/18>,
<http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/15> ;
dcterms:creator
<https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5382-5135>,
:d4259244-ce78-4248-811f-216495c32fec_a1,
<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2233-3848>,
<https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6431-9959> ;
dcterms:language <http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-1/en> .
<https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5382-5135> a foaf:Person ;
foaf:name "Susan Jarvis" ;
foaf:familyName "Jarvis" ;
foaf:givenName "Susan" ;
vcard:hasEmail "enquiries@ceh.ac.uk" ;
foaf:member <https://ror.org/00pggkr55> ;
.
<https://ror.org/04xw4m193> a foaf:Organization ;
foaf:name "NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre" ;
vcard:hasEmail "info@eidc.ac.uk" ;
foaf:member <https://ror.org/04xw4m193> ;
.
<https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5382-5135> a foaf:Person ;
foaf:name "Jarvis, S." ;
foaf:familyName "Jarvis" ;
foaf:givenName "Susan" ;
vcard:hasEmail "enquiries@ceh.ac.uk" ;
foaf:member <https://ror.org/00pggkr55> ;
.
:d4259244-ce78-4248-811f-216495c32fec_a1 a foaf:Person ;
foaf:name "Arnett, J." ;
foaf:familyName "Arnett" ;
foaf:givenName "Jack" ;
vcard:hasEmail "enquiries@ceh.ac.uk" ;
foaf:member <https://ror.org/00pggkr55> ;
.
<https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2233-3848> a foaf:Person ;
foaf:name "Redhead, J." ;
foaf:familyName "Redhead" ;
foaf:givenName "John" ;
vcard:hasEmail "enquiries@ceh.ac.uk" ;
foaf:member <https://ror.org/00pggkr55> ;
.
<https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6431-9959> a foaf:Person ;
foaf:name "Pywell, R." ;
foaf:familyName "Pywell" ;
foaf:givenName "Richard" ;
vcard:hasEmail "enquiries@ceh.ac.uk" ;
foaf:member <https://ror.org/00pggkr55> ;
.
<http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/1> a skos:Concept;
skos:prefLabel "Agriculture"; rdfs:label "Agriculture"
. <http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/5> a skos:Concept;
skos:prefLabel "Environmental risk"; rdfs:label "Environmental risk"
. <http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/18> a skos:Concept;
skos:prefLabel "Mapping"; rdfs:label "Mapping"
. <http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/15> a skos:Concept;
skos:prefLabel "Pollution"; rdfs:label "Pollution"
. <http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/6310> a skos:Concept;
skos:prefLabel "plant protection product"; rdfs:label "plant protection product"
. <http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/3933> a skos:Concept;
skos:prefLabel "herbicide"; rdfs:label "herbicide"
. <http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/3530> a skos:Concept;
skos:prefLabel "fungicide"; rdfs:label "fungicide"
. <http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/4354> a skos:Concept;
skos:prefLabel "insecticide"; rdfs:label "insecticide"
.
<https://ror.org/00pggkr55> a foaf:Organization ;
foaf:name "UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology" .
<https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FW005050%2F1> a prov:Activity ; rdfs:label "AgZero+" .