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Observed measures include concentrations and the present genes of Klebsiella bacteria isolated from the nurdles, as well as the salinity, electrical conductivity, turbidity, and polymer composition of the nurdles. \n\nIn addition, an infection experiment was conducted to measure the virulence of the Klebsiella bacteria. Galleria melonella larvae were infected with the isolated Klebsiella bacteria and the number of living larvae was recorded. \n","distributionFormats":[{"name":"Comma-separated values (CSV)","type":"text/csv","version":"unknown"}],"distributorContacts":[{"organisationName":"NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/04xw4m193","role":"distributor","email":"info@eidc.ac.uk"}],"funding":[{"funderName":"Natural Environment Research Council","funderIdentifier":"https://ror.org/02b5d8509","awardNumber":"NE/S005196/1","awardURI":"https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE/S005196/1","orcid":false,"ror":true},{"funderName":"Natural Environment Research Council","funderIdentifier":"https://ror.org/02b5d8509","awardNumber":"NE/V005847/1","awardURI":"https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE/V005847/1","orcid":false,"ror":true}],"hasOnlineServiceAgreement":false,"id":"fdd72810-a57f-444f-83cf-f2351ef4c940","incomingCitationCount":0,"infoLinks":[{"url":"https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/sd/fdd72810-a57f-444f-83cf-f2351ef4c940.zip","name":"Supporting information","description":"Supporting information available to assist in re-use of this dataset","function":"information","type":"OTHER"}],"inspireThemes":[{"theme":"Environmental Monitoring Facilities","uri":"http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/theme/ef"}],"keywordsOther":[{"value":"public health"},{"value":"plastic pollution"},{"value":"human pathogens"},{"value":"plastisphere"},{"value":"antimicrobial resistance"},{"value":"virulence"}],"keywordsTheme":[{"value":"Environmental survey","uri":"http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/7"},{"value":"Pollution","uri":"http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/15"}],"licences":[{"value":"This resource is available under the terms of the Open Government Licence","code":"license","uri":"https://eidc.ac.uk/licences/ogl/plain"}],"lineage":"Microplastic beads were collected from ten Scottish beaches (Erskine, Yellowcraig, Largs, Irvine, Ayr, Turnberry, Montrose, Broughty Ferry, Portobello and Eyemouth) and bacteria were removed for quantification of target bacteria. Bacteria were quantified using selective media and positive colony-forming units (CFU) were enumerated. \n\nWater temperature and salinity at each site were also measured with a thermometer and a salinity refractometer (RGBS).\n\nFourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR) was conducted on a Thermo Scientific Nicolet is50 FTIR to identify the polymer composition of the nurdles.\n\nThe virulence of the isolated Klebsiella was studied for one of the sites, Brought Ferry. Galleria mellonella model of infection was used to determine the virulence of each of the selected Klebsiella strains following their isolation from the microplastic beads and sand. After injection, larvae were incubated at and inspected 24, 48 and 72 h post-injection; larvae were considered dead when they did not respond to touch stimuli.\n","metadataDate":"2026-06-29T16:25:08","notGEMINI":false,"onlineResources":[{"url":"https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/data/fdd72810-a57f-444f-83cf-f2351ef4c940","name":"Download the data","description":"Download a copy of this data","function":"download","type":"OTHER"},{"url":"https://data-package.ceh.ac.uk/sd/fdd72810-a57f-444f-83cf-f2351ef4c940.zip","name":"Supporting information","description":"Supporting information available to assist in re-use of this dataset","function":"information","type":"OTHER"}],"pointsOfContact":[{"familyName":"Metcalf","givenName":"R.","organisationName":"University of Stirling","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/045wgfr59","role":"pointOfContact","email":"rebecca.metcalf@stir.ac.uk","fullName":"Metcalf, R.","pointOfContact":"University of Stirling"}],"publicationDate":"2024-08-09T00:00:00.000Z","publishers":[{"organisationName":"NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/04xw4m193","role":"publisher","email":"info@eidc.ac.uk"}],"relationships":[{"relation":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/isPartOf","target":"0649e4b5-1bda-467b-9620-bc4c9cb48be4"}],"resourceIdentifiers":[{"code":"https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/fdd72810-a57f-444f-83cf-f2351ef4c940"},{"code":"10.5285/fdd72810-a57f-444f-83cf-f2351ef4c940","codeSpace":"doi"}],"resourceType":{"value":"dataset"},"responsibleParties":[{"familyName":"Metcalf","givenName":"R.","organisationName":"University of Stirling","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/045wgfr59","role":"author","email":"rebecca.metcalf@stir.ac.uk","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1463-427X","fullName":"Metcalf, R."},{"familyName":"Messer","givenName":"L.","organisationName":"University of Stirling","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/045wgfr59","role":"author","email":"Lauren.messer@stir.ac.uk","fullName":"Messer, L."},{"familyName":"White","givenName":"H.L.","organisationName":"University of Stirling","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/045wgfr59","role":"author","email":"Hannah.white@stir.ac.uk","fullName":"White, H.L."},{"familyName":"Ormsby","givenName":"M.","organisationName":"University of Stirling","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/045wgfr59","role":"author","email":"Michael.ormsby1@stir.ac.uk","fullName":"Ormsby, M."},{"familyName":"Matallana-Surget","givenName":"S.","organisationName":"University of Stirling","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/045wgfr59","role":"author","email":"Sabine.matallanasurget@stir.ac.uk","fullName":"Matallana-Surget, S."},{"familyName":"Quilliam","givenName":"R.","organisationName":"University of Stirling","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/045wgfr59","role":"author","email":"Richard.quilliam@stir.ac.uk","nameIdentifier":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7020-4410","fullName":"Quilliam, R."},{"familyName":"Metcalf","givenName":"R.","organisationName":"University of Stirling","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/045wgfr59","role":"pointOfContact","email":"rebecca.metcalf@stir.ac.uk","fullName":"Metcalf, R.","pointOfContact":"University of Stirling"},{"organisationName":"University of Stirling","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/045wgfr59","role":"rightsHolder","email":"rebecca.metcalf@stir.ac.uk"},{"organisationName":"NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/04xw4m193","role":"publisher","email":"info@eidc.ac.uk"},{"organisationName":"NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/04xw4m193","role":"custodian","email":"info@eidc.ac.uk"}],"rightsHolders":[{"organisationName":"University of Stirling","organisationIdentifier":"https://ror.org/045wgfr59","role":"rightsHolder","email":"rebecca.metcalf@stir.ac.uk"}],"spatialReferenceSystems":[{"code":"http://www.opengis.net/def/crs/EPSG/0/27700","title":"OSGB 1936 / British National Grid"}],"spatialRepresentationTypes":["textTable"],"supplemental":[{"description":"Related omic data is stored on the National Center for Biotechnology Information","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/PRJNA1122978","function":"relatedDataset"}],"temporalExtents":[{"begin":"2022-11-01","end":"2022-11-30"}],"title":"Nurdle characteristics with associated bacterial concentrations and virulence of Klebsiella isolates from Scottish beaches, 2022","topicCategories":[{"value":"environment","uri":"http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/metadata-codelist/TopicCategory/environment"}],"topics":["http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/7","http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CEHMD/topic/15"],"type":"dataset","uri":"https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/fdd72810-a57f-444f-83cf-f2351ef4c940","useConstraints":[{"value":"This resource is available under the terms of the Open Government Licence","code":"license","uri":"https://eidc.ac.uk/licences/ogl/plain"}]}