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Countryside Survey topsoil carbon data is representative of 0-15 cm soil depth and includes Loss-on-ignition (%), Carbon concentration (g kg-1) and Carbon density (t ha-1). A total of 2614 cores from 591 1km x 1km squares across Great Britain were collected and analysed in 2007 (see Emmett et al. 2010 for further details of sampling and methods http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/5201/1/CS_UK_2007_TR3%5B1%5D.pdf ). Loss-on-ignition (LOI) was determined by combustion of 10g dry soil at 375 deg C for 16 hours; carbon concentration was estimated by multiplying LOI by a factor of 0.55, and carbon density was estimated by combining carbon concentration with bulk density estimates. The estimated means of habitat/parent material combinations using 2007 data are modelled on dominant habitat and parent material characteristics derived from the Land Cover Map 2007 and Parent Material Model 2009, respectively. The parent material characteristic used was that which minimised AIC in each model (see Supporting Information). Areas, such as urban and littoral rock, are not sampled by CS and therefore have no associated data. Also, in some circumstances sample sizes for particular habitat/parent material combinations were insufficient to estimate mean values. The Countryside Survey looks at a range of physical, chemical and biological properties of the topsoil from a representative sample of habitats across the UK.","documentType":"LINK_DOCUMENT","familyName":["Keith","Henrys","Robinson","Emmett"],"fullName":["Keith, A.M.","Henrys, P.A.","Robinson, D.A.","Emmett, B.A."],"givenName":["A.M.","P.A.","D.A.","B.A."],"identifier":"3fc9c254-a2d4-45a7-ad1e-c58fe168fa78","incomingCitationCount":6,"keyword":["Countryside Survey","Soil","Broad Habitat","Loss on ignition","Parent Material Model","organic matter","loss on ignition","carbon","habitat","soil","Equable climate (carbon in soil)"],"keywordsOther":["Broad Habitat","Loss on ignition","Parent Material Model","organic matter","loss on ignition","carbon","habitat","soil","Equable climate (carbon in soil)"],"keywordsProject":["Countryside Survey"],"keywordsTheme":["Soil"],"licence":"Open government licence","lineage":"Data used are taken from the Countryside Survey Soils Report (Emmett et al. 2010) which can be found at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/9354/1/CS_UK_2007_TR9.pdf","locations":["POLYGON((-8.67 49.41, -8.67 59.85, 3.04 59.85, 3.04 49.41, -8.67 49.41))"],"metadataDate":"2026-06-30T16:32:02.000Z","orcid":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4758-1482","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9619-1320","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7290-4867","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2713-4389"],"organisation":["UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre","NERC Environmental Information Data Centre"],"publicationDate":"2012-03-26T00:00:00.000Z","recordType":"Dataset","resourceIdentifier":["1332952419801","CEH:EIDC::1332952419801","https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/9e4451f8-23d3-40dc-9302-73e30ad3dd76","10.5285/9e4451f8-23d3-40dc-9302-73e30ad3dd76","doi:10.5285/9e4451f8-23d3-40dc-9302-73e30ad3dd76"],"resourceType":"Dataset","ror":["https://ror.org/00pggkr55","https://ror.org/04xw4m193"],"shortenedDescription":"This dataset presents estimates of mean values within selected habitats and parent material characteristics made using Countryside Survey (CS) data from 1978, 1998 and 2007 using a mixed model approach (see Scott, 2008 for further details of similar statistical analysis…","state":"published","supplementalDescription":["Emmett, B.A., Reynolds, B., Chamberlain, P.M., Rowe, E., Spurgeon, D., Brittain, S.A., Frogbrook, Z., Hughes, S., Lawlor, A.J., Poskitt, J., Potter, E., Robinson, D.A., Scott, A., Wood, C., Woods, C. (2010).  Countryside Survey: Soils Report from 2007. Technical Report No. 9/07. NERC/Centre for Ecology & Hydrology 192pp. (CEH Project Number: C03259).","Scott, W.A. (2008). Countryside Survey: Statistical Report. Technical Report No. 4/07. NERC/Centre for Ecology & Hydrology."],"supplementalName":["Countryside Survey Soils Report from 2007","Countryside Survey Statistical Report"],"title":"Model estimates of topsoil carbon [Countryside Survey]","topic":["0/Soil/"],"version":1.0,"view":["phtr","ncmet","public","ceh"]},{"availability":"Unknown","catalogue":"nc","dataFormat":["Comma-separated values (CSV)"],"description":"The Seabird Monitoring Programme (SMP) is an ongoing annual monitoring programme, established in 1986, of 25 species of seabird that regularly breed in the UK and the Republic of Ireland. The dataset contains whole colony counts and breeding success from sample colonies of seabirds. 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The dataset contains whole colony counts and breeding success from sample colonies…","state":"published","supplementalName":["SMP quick guide"],"title":"Seabird Monitoring Programme","version":1.0,"view":["public","ceh","crimar"]},{"availability":"Unknown","catalogue":"nc","dataFormat":["Comma-separated values (CSV)"],"description":"The survey collects information about the ways that people engage with the natural environment such as visiting the countryside, enjoying green spaces in towns and cities, watching wildlife and volunteering to help protect the natural environment.\nThe data collected about how people use the natural environment, includes the:\n•\ttype of destination\n•\tduration\n•\tmode of transport\n•\tdistance travelled\n•\texpenditure\n•\tmain activities\n•\tmotivations\n•\tbarriers to visiting","documentType":"GEMINI_DOCUMENT","identifier":"30476630-701a-400c-80bb-b1734b516337","incomingCitationCount":0,"licence":"Non-Open government licence","locations":["POLYGON((-6.4526 49.864, -6.4526 55.812, 1.7675 55.812, 1.7675 49.864, -6.4526 49.864))"],"metadataDate":"2019-01-09T09:42:01.000Z","recordType":"Dataset","resourceIdentifier":["https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/30476630-701a-400c-80bb-b1734b516337"],"resourceType":"Dataset","shortenedDescription":"The survey collects information about the ways that people engage with the natural environment such as visiting the countryside, enjoying green spaces in towns and cities, watching wildlife and volunteering to help protect the natural environment.\nThe data collected…","state":"published","supplementalDescription":["Gouvernment website"],"supplementalName":["Gov.uk"],"title":"Monitor of Engagement with the Natural Environment","version":1.0,"view":["public","ceh","crimar"]},{"authorAffiliation":["Centre for Ecology & Hydrology"],"authorFamilyName":["Bunce","Carey","Maskell","Norton","Scott","Smart","Wood"],"authorFullName":["Bunce, R.G.H.","Carey, P.D.","Maskell, L.C.","Norton, L.R.","Scott, R.J.","Smart, S.M.","Wood, C.M."],"authorGivenName":["R.G.H.","P.D.","L.C.","L.R.","R.J.","S.M.","C.M."],"authorOrcid":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4006-7755"],"authorRor":["https://ror.org/00pggkr55"],"availability":"Available","catalogue":"nc","dataFormat":["Comma-separated values (CSV)"],"description":"This dataset consists of plant species presence and abundance in different sizes and types of plots from 591 1km x 1km square sites surveyed across Great Britain in 2007. Many of the plots are repeated from surveys in 1978, 1990 and 1998. General information about the plot was recorded including plot number and type as well as species presence and (usually) cover. Data were collected under the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project managed by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. 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Many of the plots are repeated from surveys in 1978, 1990 and 1998. General information about the…","state":"published","title":"Countryside Survey 2007 vegetation plot data","topic":["0/Environmental survey/"],"version":1.0,"view":["public","ceh","crimar"]},{"availability":"Unknown","catalogue":"nc","description":"The dataset contains locations at sea for five seabird species (fulmar, European shag, black-legged kittiwake, common guillemot and razorbill) tracked using GPS tags over several years at breeding colonies across the UK. 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Understanding the distribution of bee nectar plants does provide valuable information on the potential distribution of pollinators and hence pollination.","documentType":"LINK_DOCUMENT","familyName":["Maskell","Henrys","Norton","Smart"],"fullName":["Maskell, L.","Henrys, P.A.","Norton, L.","Smart, S."],"givenName":["L.","P.A.","S.","Lindsay"],"identifier":"f9412578-0b46-4aaf-a388-c342e5925d5f","incomingCitationCount":1,"keyword":["Biodiversity","Pollinators","Pollination","Bee nectar plants","Countryside Survey","Broad Habitat","Crop pollination","Nectar plants","Pollinating insects","Climate change","Land use and land use change","National"],"keywordsOther":["Pollination","Bee nectar plants","Countryside Survey","Broad Habitat","Crop pollination","Nectar plants","Pollinating insects","Climate change","Land use and land use change","National"],"keywordsTheme":["Biodiversity","Pollinators"],"licence":"Open government licence","lineage":"This dataset was created from Countryside Survey 2007 area (x,y,u) vegetation plot data. In each plot the bee nectar plants are counted using a list of nectar plants that was agreed with experts and has been provided with this dataset. The data was extrapolated to 1km squares across GB using a generalised additive mixed model incorporating the 1km square as a random variable to account for spatial autocorrelation between plots in the same square. A poisson distribution was specified. Co-variables used in the model are Broad Habitat (the dominant broad habitat of the 1km square), air temperature, nitrogen deposition, precipitation and altitude.","locations":["POLYGON((-8.648 49.864, -8.648 60.861, 1.768 60.861, 1.768 49.864, -8.648 49.864))"],"metadataDate":"2026-07-01T07:05:51.000Z","orcid":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4006-7755","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4758-1482"],"organisation":["Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre","NERC Environmental Information Data Centre","UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","Natural England"],"publicationDate":"2016-03-22T00:00:00.000Z","recordType":"Dataset","resourceIdentifier":["https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/623a38dd-66e8-42e2-b49f-65a15d63beb5","10.5285/623a38dd-66e8-42e2-b49f-65a15d63beb5","doi:10.5285/623a38dd-66e8-42e2-b49f-65a15d63beb5"],"resourceType":"Dataset","rightsHolder":["Natural England"],"ror":["https://ror.org/00pggkr55","https://ror.org/04xw4m193","https://ror.org/00r66pz14"],"shortenedDescription":"This dataset models bee nectar plant richness across Great Britain (GB). It uses counts of bee nectar plants (using a list agreed with experts) in Countryside Survey area vegetation plots in 2007 and extrapolates to 1km squares across GB using a generalised additive…","state":"published","title":"Bee nectar plant diversity of Great Britain","topic":["0/Biodiversity/","0/Pollinators/"],"version":1.0,"view":["public","ncmet"]},{"availability":"Unknown","catalogue":"nc","dataFormat":["Shapefile"],"description":"The Met Office was awarded a contract by The Crown Estate to produce the UK Offshore Wind Dataset 2015.The dataset contains wind speed data and was produced at 110m above sea level at horizontal resolutions of 4.4km (over the Renewable Energy Zone (REZ) Waters). The dataset is based on 30 years of modelled 4.4km data (December 1984 - November 2014).","documentType":"GEMINI_DOCUMENT","identifier":"188fc3e9-30e1-4b0a-90df-567304300758","incomingCitationCount":0,"licence":"Non-Open government licence","locations":["POLYGON((-13.008 47.815, -13.008 62.956, 3.076 62.956, 3.076 47.815, -13.008 47.815))"],"metadataDate":"2019-02-27T16:31:41.000Z","organisation":["  The Crown Estate"],"recordType":"Dataset","resourceIdentifier":["https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/188fc3e9-30e1-4b0a-90df-567304300758"],"resourceType":"Dataset","shortenedDescription":"The Met Office was awarded a contract by The Crown Estate to produce the UK Offshore Wind Dataset 2015.The dataset contains wind speed data and was produced at 110m above sea level at horizontal resolutions of 4.4km (over the Renewable Energy Zone (REZ) Waters). The…","state":"published","title":"Offshore Wind Resource Dataset 2015","version":1.0,"view":["public","ceh","crimar"]},{"authorAffiliation":["Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","Ricardo Energy & Environment"],"authorFamilyName":["Smith","Dore","Tang","Stedman"],"authorFullName":["Smith, R.I.","Dore, A.J.","Tang, Y.S.","Stedman, J.R."],"authorGivenName":["R.I.","A.J.","Y.S.","J.R."],"authorRor":["https://ror.org/00pggkr55"],"availability":"Available","catalogue":"nc","dataFormat":["Comma-separated values (CSV)"],"description":"These datasets provide Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) values of sulphur and nitrogen atmospheric deposition for 5x5 kilometre (km) grid squares of the UK averaged over the years 2011 to 2013.\n\nThe data consist of deposition values for sulphur, oxidised nitrogen and reduced nitrogen, and base cations. Total deposition is the sum of four components calculated separately: wet deposition, dry deposition of gases, dry deposition of particulate matter and cloud droplet deposition. \n\nHabitat-specific data are provided for (i) moorland/short vegetation everywhere, and (ii) forest everywhere. Additionally, the grid square average over multiple land cover types (i.e. arable, grassland, forest, moorland, urban) is also calculated. The habitat-specific data are recommended for use with critical loads for the calculation of critical load exceedances. The work in generating and compiling the dataset has been funded by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) and various Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra) contracts.","documentType":"LINK_DOCUMENT","familyName":["Bealey","Smith","Dore","Tang","Stedman"],"fullName":["Bealey, B.","Smith, R.I.","Dore, A.J.","Tang, Y.S.","Stedman, J.R."],"givenName":["Bill","R.I.","A.J.","Y.S.","J.R."],"identifier":"d19ca16d-0445-4053-898c-fe084ea27b45","incomingCitationCount":0,"keyword":["Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED)","pollutant","deposition","sulphur","nitrogen","base cations","Wild plant diversity","Crop pollination","Clean air","Air quality regulation","Pollutant emissions","National"],"keywordsOther":["pollutant","deposition","sulphur","nitrogen","base cations","Wild plant diversity","Crop pollination","Clean air","Air quality regulation","Pollutant emissions","National"],"keywordsProject":["Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED)"],"licence":"Open government licence","lineage":"The Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) methodology generates 5x5 km resolution maps of wet and dry deposition of sulphur, oxidised and reduced nitrogen, and base cations from measured concentrations of gases and particulate matter in air and measured concentrations of ions in precipitation. These data are collected at sites in the UK Eutrophying and Acidifying Pollutants (UKEAP) network.  The site-based measurements are first interpolated to generate maps of concentrations for the UK.  The ion concentrations in precipitation are combined with an annual precipitation map from the UK Meteorological Office to generate values of wet deposition.  Gas and particulate matter concentration maps are combined with spatially distributed estimates of habitat-specific deposition velocities to generate dry deposition for 5 land cover categories: forest, moorland, grassland, arable and urban.  The deposition to the 5 land cover categories are combined, depending on the relative proportions of different land cover categories in the 5x5 km grid square, to generate values for grid square averaged deposition.  Dry deposition includes deposition of gases (Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitric Acid (HNO3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Ammonia (NH3) and particulate matter (sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, calcium and magnesium) to vegetation.  For critical load exceedance calculations, deposition values for moorland are applied to all non-woodland habitats, and deposition values for forest are applied to all woodland habitats.\n\nData processing was done using the GenStat programme and results output as text files. These were then exported as comma separated values for ingestion into the Environmental Information Data Centre. \n","locations":["POLYGON((-8.648 49.864, -8.648 60.861, 1.768 60.861, 1.768 49.864, -8.648 49.864))"],"metadataDate":"2026-06-30T16:28:52.000Z","organisation":["UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","Ricardo Energy & Environment","NERC EDS Environmental Information Data Centre","NERC Environmental Information Data Centre"],"publicationDate":"2017-01-10T00:00:00.000Z","recordType":"Dataset","resourceIdentifier":["https://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk/id/d7f3bfd5-bcde-41b8-bd22-02e331d24b54","10.5285/d7f3bfd5-bcde-41b8-bd22-02e331d24b54","doi:10.5285/d7f3bfd5-bcde-41b8-bd22-02e331d24b54"],"resourceType":"Dataset","ror":["https://ror.org/00pggkr55","https://ror.org/04xw4m193"],"shortenedDescription":"These datasets provide Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) values of sulphur and nitrogen atmospheric deposition for 5x5 kilometre (km) grid squares of the UK averaged over the years 2011 to 2013.\n\nThe data consist of deposition values for sulphur, oxidised…","state":"published","supplementalDescription":["Fowler, D., Cape, J.N., Leith, I.D., Choularton, T.W., Gay, M.J. & Jones, A.  1988.  The influence of altitude on rainfall composition at Great Dun Fell.  Atmospheric Environment, 22, 1355-1362.","Hallsworth, S., Sutton, M.A., Dore, A.J., Dragosits, U., Tang, Y.S. & Vieno, M.  2010.  The role of the indicator choice in quantifying the ammonia threat to the Natura 2000 network.  Environmental Science & Policy, 13, 671-687","RoTAP.  2012.  Review of Transboundary Air Pollution: Acidifcation, Eutrophication, Ground Level Ozone and Heavy Metals in the UK.  Contract Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs.  Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.  www.rotap.ceh.ac.uk","Smith, R.I., Fowler, D., Sutton, M.A., Flechard, C. & Coyle, M.  2000.  Regional estimation of pollutant gas deposition in the UK: model description, sensitivity analyses and outputs.  Atmospheric Environment, 34, 3757-3777.","Stedman, J.R., Kent, A.J., Grice, S., Bush, T.J. & Derwent, R.G.  2007.  A consistent method for modelling PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations across the United Kingdom in 2004 for air quality assessment.  Atmospheric Environment, 41, 161-172.","Dore, A.J., Choularton, T.W. & Inglis, D.W.F.  2001.  Monitoring studies of precipitation and cap cloud chemistry at Holme Moss in the Southern Pennines.  Water, Air and Soil Pollution: Focus 1; 381-390.","Beswick, K.M., Choularton, T.W., Inglis, D.W.F., Dore, A.J. & Fowler, D.  2003.  Influences on long-term trends in ion concentration and deposition at Holme Moss.  Atmospheric Environment, 37 (14), 1927-1940."],"supplementalName":["UK Acidifying and Eutrophying Atmospheric Pollutants ","United Kingdom Eutrophying & Acidifying Network (UKEAP) "],"title":"Sulphur and nitrogen atmospheric Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) data for the UK (2011-2013)","version":1.0,"view":["public","ceh","crimar"]}],"rows":20,"url":"http://catalogue.ceh.ac.uk:443/nc/documents"}