Köppen-Geiger climate classification prediction maps for the UK at 1 km resolution, 1901–2080

For each historic period (i.e. up to 2019), HadUK-Grid data on monthly precipitation and maximum, minimum and mean temperatures were downloaded at 1 x 1 km resolution; averages for the 1961–1990 period were available, since this is a widely used climate “normal” period; for the other periods annual data were averaged together to create long-term mean datasets. (HadUK-Grid is a gridded data product interpolated from observational weather station records.) UKCP18 Local data for the coming decades (2021–2040) and later 21st century (2061–2080) were downloaded at 5 x 5 km resolution and resampled to 1 km resolution using bilinear interpolation to match the HadUK-Grid data. The UKCP18 local data refers to the local-scale climate projections offered by the UK Climate Projections 2018 (UKCP18) project. The UKCP18 Local (2.2 km) dataset used here consists of 12 simulations of a convection-permitting model; the 12-member ensemble mean was used in this study, since it was found to come consistently closer to observed climate patterns over that of any individual model run.
These data were used to classify UK and the Isle of Man 1 km grid squares in different time periods according to standard Köppen-Geiger climate type definitions.