Forest structure, canopy health and microclimate condition assessments in La Campana National Park, Chile, during 2023-2024 season

The dataset was generated through systematic field surveys conducted during the 2023-2024 austral summer in La Campana National Park, Chile. Data collection was carried out across 60 temporary forest plots, each covering 125 m², established to characterise forest structure and near-ground microclimatic conditions.
Forest structure data were recorded for all trees with a minimum diameter at breast height (DBH) of 5 cm. Tree perimeter was measured in the field using diameter tapes, and DBH values were derived from perimeter measurements during data processing. Tree height was measured using a Haglöf Vertex 5 hypsometer. Additional variables collected included species identity, tree condition, canopy cover, stem characteristics, and resprouting status. Resprouting was recorded in the field and aggregated into a dedicated column within the dataset. Plot-level attributes, including elevation and tree identifiers, were also recorded.
Microclimate data were collected using TOMST TMS dataloggers deployed within each plot. Sensors recorded soil moisture and temperature at three vertical positions: below ground, at ground level, and 30 cm above ground. Measurements were logged at 15-minute intervals, providing high-resolution temporal data on local microclimatic conditions.
Following field collection, datasets were compiled and standardised into consistent units (C°) and formats. Diameter values were calculated from measured perimeters. Data cleaning procedures were applied to remove void entries and obvious outliers resulting from recording or sensor errors. Basic consistency checks were performed to ensure logical ranges and internal coherence across variables.
Formal calibration of instruments was not undertaken prior to field deployment. Measurements reflect standard forestry field practices.
The data represent a single-season snapshot and are therefore limited in their ability to capture interannual variability. The absence of formal sensor calibration may introduce minor systematic measurement uncertainty in microclimate variables. Visual or instrument-based estimates (e.g. canopy cover and height) may also be subject to observer-related variability. Despite these limitations, the dataset provides robust, fine-scale information suitable for assessing forest structure, microclimate, and ecological resilience in Mediterranean-type ecosystems.